Heat-treating furnace.



E. F. TILLEY, JB. HEAT TREATING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15,1911y Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

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Edwin -ost YBYqy, Jr, l ve nfol E. F. TILLEY, JR. HEAT TREATING PURNACB.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1914.

1,1 80,040. Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

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Edwin Frost yle'y, J2, nw wloz Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

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E. F. TILLEY, JB.

HEAT TREATING PURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I5, 1914.

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EDWIN FROST TILLEY, JR., 0F PLAIN'FIELD, NEW JERSEY.

HEAT-TREATING FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

Application led May 15, 1914. Serial No. 838,627.

T0 all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, EDWIN Faosr TILLEY, Jr., a citizen of the United States of America, and residing at Plainfield, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heat-Treating Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to furnaces employed for hardening, tempering, annealing` and other heat treating purposes.

l The object of my invention is to secure absolute and accurate control of the working temperature through wide range, from relatively low heat up to the highest hea-t obtainable. L

A special object is to enable the securing of a sudden cooling effect. or reduction in temperature in the treating or so-called working chamber.

A further object is to variably control the rate of the cooling or heating and to control at will the temperature in different portions of the treating chamber.

The accompanying drawings illustrate in concrete form a practical embodiment of the invention, wherein these objects are attained in part by providing the treating chamber of the furnace with an outlet which causes the heat products normally to pass through the chamber and with a so-called cooling outlet by which the heat products can be bypassed and carried off without traversing the heating chamber. Control of flow through these outlets is obtained by means of a compound valve which serves as it is actuated to cut off fiow through one outlet and to open up flow through the other outlet. Ordinarily there will be a plurality of such outlets arranged at the upper and the lower portions respectively of the heating chamber. By manipulating the valves controlling the different outlets in different ways the temperature may be positively controlled and maintained in th' proper degree.

Various other features of the invention will appear as the specification proceeds.

Figure 1, is a cross sectional view of a furnace embodying the invention, the valve in the foreground at the left hand side being shown in the normal position, wherein the heat products are caused to traverse the treating chamber and fiow out at the bottom thereof, while the remainder of the valves are shown pushed in so as to carry ofi' heat at the top of the treating chamber. This view is taken substantiallyon the plane of the line 1-1 or- Fig. 3. Fig. Q, is a longitudinal sectional view of the furnace with the side Wall of the treating chamber broken away and shown in section to better illustrate the action of the valves. Fig. 3, is a sectional view taken substantially on the horizontal planes indicated by the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a broken detail view of a form of mechanism for operating the valves in unison or selectively as desired, the wall appearing in section. Fig. 5, is another view of these parts looking at them from the left in Fig. 4.

7 designates the furnace body provided with a combustion chamber 8 in the upper portion thereof and a treating or heating chamber 9 in the lower portion thereof, the two chambers being separated by a substantially horizontal arch wall 10, provided with openings or perforations 11 therein.

12 indicates a burner discharging through a burner opening 13 into the combustion chamber.

The treating chamber is provided with an outlet 15 in the lower portion thereof, usually at the floor level and with an outlet 1G in the upper portion thereof usually just beneath the perforated arch, the two outlets opening into a flue 17 in the side wall of the furnace. These outlets are usually disposed in line one above the other as shown, the number of outlets employed, varying with the size ofthe furnace, and the outlets at the opposite sides of the chamber may be arranged in staggered relation. The side wall lues 17, in the furnace illustrated, discharge into a flue 18 extending beneath the furnace floor, which communicates with a Stack 19. In some cases, as for particularly wide furnaces, there may be two or more of these fiues for carrying ofi' the gases from the side wallflues. Thus the dotted line in Fig. 1 indicates how an eduction flue 18 may be placed at each side of the furnace for carrying olf roducts from all the side flues at one side o the furnace.

At the junction of the lower outlet with wall flue 17 is located a valve member 20 for controlling flow through the respective outlets. This valve is shown as a heavy squared block or tile fitted to slide in a squared opening 21 in the outer furnace wall, having a main body portion 22, which, when the valve is pushed all the way in, closes the lower outlet 15 as indicated in Fig. 4, and an angularly recessed portion 23 on the upper side thereof disposed in back of the said closure portion, so as in'the position indicated rto register with the flue 17. The undei-side of the inner end of the valve block is-cut away at an angle at 24 to provide clearance beneath the same downinto the outlet Hue when the valve is set in the position shown at the left in Fig. 1. In this position the upper surface 25 of the valve seryes to close off the upper portion of the flue 17 communicatingwith the upper outlet ,16. Thevalve is further provided with a shank or stem 26, carrying a handle 27.

The wall flue 17 is laterally offset to one side of the valve as indicated at 17 so as to provide in the position of the right hand valve shown in section in Fig. 2, a continuous passage from outlet 16 down and across the incline 23 of the valve into the Hue 18. The lower wall of the offset portion 17 is lowered when desired on an incline at 29 to provide greater clearance beneath the valve.

In operating under normal conditions the valves occupy the position shown at the left in Fig. 1, (and the left hand sectional valve in Fig. 2) wherein the lower outlets are open and How through the upper outlets 1s closed ofl". The course of the heat products normally therefore is from the heat source, through the perforated arch, down through the treating chamber and out at the bottom thereof into the exit flue. By manipulating the burners or other heat source and opening or closing the outlets 15 more or less, the heat in the treating chamber may be raised or lowered or maintained at a fixed heat, as may be necessary and by the selective control of individual outlets in different portions of the chamber, the chamber may be variably heated or heated uniformly throughout.

In case of the need for a sudden drop in temperature in the treating chamber, as required in certain heating processes, the valves are pushed allthe way in, into the position shown at the right in Fig. 1 and in detail in Fig. 4. This closes the lower outlets and opens up flow through the upper outlets 16. The heat products now instead of being forced to traverse the treating chamber are bypassed away from said chamber, flowing through outlets 16, down through flues 17, over' the inclined portions 23 of the valves, as indicated by the arrows at the right in Fig. 2, into the discharge flue 18. Taking off the heat below the perforated arch and from the top of the treating-'chamber in this way very efectually drains off the heat from said chamber. Usually in this cooling action the burners will be shut off and they may actually be employed to assist in the cooling by leaving on the compressed air or other atomizing or mixing fluid, after turning off the fuel. An additional degree of control may be obtained by operating the damper 31, in the flue 18 which carries the Waste gases to the stack.

The control is facilitated in the furnace illustrated by the provision of means whereby the valves may be operated either selectively or all in unison. Such means is shown in the form of rock shafts 33 journaled in brackets 34 at opposite sides of the furnace and carrying rocker arms 35 adapted to be detachably engaged with the valves. The detachable connections between the rocker arms and valves is provided by pivoting the valve handles 27 so that they may turn on their shanks 26 and providing them with forks 36 to engage over studs 37 carried by the rocker arms. With the handles in the full line positions shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the valves are connected to the rocker arms and will be operated by the turning of the rock shafts, which may be accomplished by means of the handle levers 38. By turning the handles to the dotted line position shown in, Fig. 5, the valves become disconnected from the common operating means and may then be individually operated as desired.

With the valves connected to their respective rocker arms, it is evident that the movement of a rock shaft will serve to operate all the valves on that particular side of the furnace. Each rock shaftV is preferably provided with an operating handle so one may be operated independently of the other and a detachable connection 40 is shown for connecting the two rock shafts together so that imparted to certain or all of the valves by setting the rocker arms on therock shaft at different angles with respect to each other, said rocker arms being shown provided with set screws 45, by which the arms can be individually adjusted.

The furnace illustrated is of the carbottom type in which the platform 50 of a car 51 provides the floor or hearth of the heating chamber. This type of furnace is especially adapted for handling heavy work. In some cases, asfor the handling of lighter work, the hearth ma be stationary. The treating chamber is e ectually sealed against loss of heat around the edges of the car plat- Y of the platform, a forwardly extending shelf 61 at the inner end thereof and a trough 62 at the front end thereof. These side and end supports carry suitable sealing medium 63 such as sand or fire clay, in position to be engaged by sealing projections on the furnace body. The inner end wall of the chamber at 64 acts as a sealing projection engaging the sealing medium on the shelf 61 at the inner end of the platform and a depending flange 65 on the lower edge of the door dips into the trough 62 at the front end of the platform, while dependent flanges 66 at the sides of the chamber engage sealing material in the side troughs 60.

The treating chamber is provided -with a doorway at one or both ends for the entry and withdrawal of the charge. In the particular case illustrated, there is a doorway y 55 at only one end of the chamber, this being of arched construction and closed normally by a sliding door 56.

With a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention it is possible to accurately control the temperature either locally or throughoutthe treating chamber. It is also possible to maintain a given temperature for a controlled period of time, .produce a more or less gradual rise or fall in temperature, or to secure the sudden drop in temperature which has been found so necessary in certain metallurgical processes. In fact it is possible by my invention to obtain prac' tically any heat condition which may be found necessary or desirablev for the particular object or objects being treated.

1. In a furnace, a furnace body, provided with a treating chamber, means for introducing heat products into the upper portion of the treating chamber, said treating chamber having a normal outlet in the lower portion thereof for normally extracting the introduced heat products from the lower por- Ition of the chamber and an outlet in the upper portion thereof for extracting hea't products directly from the upperportion of the treating chamber and means for controlling flow through the said outlets.

2. In a furnace, a furnace body, a perforated arch dividing the interior of the fur-4 nace body into a treating chamber located below the arch and a combustion space disposed above said arch, the said treating lchamber having a normal discharge outlet upper portion of said treating chamber, the said treating chamber having a normal outlet in the lower portion thereof and a cooling outlet in the upper portion thereof, an eduction flue in communication with both the said upper and the said lower outlets and means for controlling flow through the respective outlets into the eduction flue.

4. In a furnace of the character set forth, the combination with a heat source and a furnace body provided with a treating chamber having an inlet for the'heat proo ucts in the top thereof and provided with outlets in the upper and in the lower portions thereof whereby the. heat products introduced in the chamber may be Withdrawn from the upper or from the lower portion of the treating chamber, of means controlling the said upper and the said lower outlets for extracting the heat products direct from the upper or the lower portions respectively of the said treating chamber.

5. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with an outlet flue in the wall thereof and with a chamber having outlets in different portions thereof opening into said outlet flue, a valve slidably engaged in one of said outlets providedA with a closure portion for closing said outletand with a reduced portion adjacent the closure portion and the said outlet flue having an offset portion therein at the junction of the aforesaid outlet therewith to receive the flow traversing the reduced portion of the valve.

6. In a furnace of the character set forth, the combination with a heat source and a furnace body provided with a treating chamber in communication with said heat source, said treating chamber having outlets in the side wall thereof disposed respectively in the top portion and the bottom portion of the chamber', of controllable means for positively and simultaneously controlling the flow of heat products through both the said upper and the said lower outlets.

7. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with a flue in the side wall thereof and with a treating chamber having laterally eX- tending outlets in the upper and lower portions thereof openin into said flue, of means controlling ow into said flue through both the said upper and the said lower outlets.

8. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with a flue in the side wall thereof and with a treating chamber having laterally extending outlets in the upper and lower portions thereof opening into said flue, of means controlling flow into said flue through both the said upper and the said lower outlets and an eduction flue in communication with the lower end of the side wall flue.

' 9. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with a treating chamber having outlets in the upper and the lower portions thereof and a valve controlling flow through said outlets adapted when'operated in one way to close oil' low through the upper outlet while opening up flow through the lower outlet and when operated in a different way to open up iow through the upper outlet while closing off fiow through the Alower outlet. i

10. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with an upper combustion chamber, a lower heating chamber and av Vsubstantially horizontal wall between said -chambers, said heating chamber havingan outletin the lower portion thereof and an outlet in the upper ortion thereof beneath the substantially orizontal wall and means for controlling {iow through said outlets.

1l. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with an upper combustion chamber, a lower heating chamber and a perforated arch separating the heating chamberfrom the combustion chamber, said heating chamber having an outlet in the lower portion thereof and an outlet in the upper portion thereof directly beneath the perforated arch' and means for controlling How through said outlets.

l2. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with'a treating chamber having outlets in different portions thereof, and a valve controlling said outlets adapted when operated in one way to open u flow through one outlet while shutting o flow through a sec ond outlet and when operated in a different way to close` the first outlet while opening up flow through the second outlet.- 4 A 13.`In` a furnace, the combination with a furnacewbody 'provided with a treating chamber. having outlets located at different points therein and ay flue communicating with said outlets, of a Valve located at the junction of one of said outlets with the flue positively controlling flow through both the respective outlets.

14. In a furnace, a furnace body provided with a treating chamber having a set of outlets located at diiferent points in the upper portion of said chamber and a set of outlets located at different points in the lower p0rtion of said chamber and means for selectively controlling flow through the individual outlets in the respective upper and lower sets'of outlets.

15. In a furnace, a furnace body, a perforatedarch dividing the interior of the furnace bod into an upper combustion chamber an a lower heating chamber, a burner discharging -into the combustion chamber abovethe perforated arch, the said heating chamber having a cooling outlet in the upper portion thereof just below the perforated arch and a normal discharge outlet in the lower portion thereof and means for controlling flow through the respective outlets.

ll In a furnace, the combination with a furnace body provided with a flue in the wall thereof and with a treating chamber having an outlet opening into said flue, of a valve slidably operable in the said' outlet having a body portion forming a closure to the outlet and a recessed portion in rear of the body portion registering with the flue to provide a passage around the valve.

17. In a furnace, the combination with a furnace body provided with a flue in the wall thereof and with a treating chamber having an outlet opening into said flue, of a valve slidably operable in the said outlet having a body portion forming a closure to the outlet, a recessed portion in rear of the body portion registering with the flue to provide a passage around the valve andan upper surface arranged to form a closure to the portion of the flue above the valve.

18. In a furnace,the combination with a furnace body provided with a flue in the wall thereof and with a treatin chamber having an outlet opening into sai flue, of a valve slidably loperable in the said outlet having a body portion forming a closure Yto the. outlet and a recessed portion in rear of the' body portion registerin with the fine to provide a passage aroun the valve and having its inner end cutaway to provide clearance through the outlet when the valve is withdrawn.

EDWIN FROST TILLEY, JR.

Witnesses:

J. GILMAN PHILiP S. MCLEAN. 

